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Data:
97.7 88.9 96.5 89.5 85.4 84.3 83.7 86.2 90.7 95.7 95.6 97 97.2 86.6 88.4 81.4 86.9 84.9 83.7 86.8 88.3 92.5 94.7 94.5 98.7 88.6 95.2 91.3 91.7 89.3 88.7 91.2 88.6 94.6 96 94.3 102 93.4 96.7 93.7 91.6 89.6 92.9 94.1 92 97.5 92.7 100.7 105.9 95.3 99.8 91.3 90.8 87.1 91.4 86.1 87.1 92.6 96.6 105.3 102.4 98.2 98.6 92.6 87.9 84.1 86.7 84.4 86 90.4 92.9 105.8 106 99.1 99.9 88.1 87.8 87.1 85.9 86.5 84.1 92.1 93.3 98.9 103 98.4 100.7 92.3 89 88.9 85.5 90.1 87 97.1 101.5 103 106.1 96.1 94.2 89.1 85.2 86.5 88 88.4 87.9 95.7 94.8 105.2 108.7 96.1 98.3 88.6 90.8 88.1 91.9 98.5 98.6 100.3 98.7 110.7 115.4 105.4 108 94.5 96.5 91 94.1 96.4 93.1 97.5 102.5 105.7 109.1 97.2 100.3 91.3 94.3 89.5 89.3 93.4 91.9 92.9 93.7 100.1 105.5 110.5 89.5 90.4 89.9 84.6 86.2 83.4 82.9 81.8 87.6 94.6 99.6 96.7 99.8 83.8 82.4 86.8 91 85.3 83.6 94 100.3 107.1 100.7 95.5 92.9 79.2 82 79.3 81.5 76 73.1 80.4 82.1 90.5 98.1 89.5 86.5 77 74.7 73.4 72.5 69.3 75.2 83.5 90.5 92.2 110.5 101.8 107.4 95.5 84.5 81.1 86.2 91.5 84.7 92.2 99.2 104.5 113 100.4 101 84.8 86.5 91.7 94.8 95
Sample Range:
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Testing Period
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111131333121212120
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Box-Cox lambda transformation parameter (lambda)
Do not include Seasonal DummiesDo not include Seasonal DummiesDo not include Seasonal Dummies222Do not include Seasonal Dummies22SingleDoubleTriple11
1
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-0.9
-0.8
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0.0
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0.9
1.0
1.1
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1.9
2.0
Degree of non-seasonal differencing (d)
No Linear TrendNo Linear TrendNo Linear Trend313No Linear Trend11additiveadditiveadditive00
0
1
2
Degree of seasonal differencing (D)
000FALSEFALSEFALSEFALSE0TRUEFALSE12121211
0
1
Seasonal period (s)
00001212
1
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12
AR(p) order
1212121200
0
1
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3
MA(q) order
11
0
1
2
SAR(P) order
22
0
1
2
SMA(Q) order
11
0
1
Include mean?
FALSEFALSE
FALSE
TRUE
Chart options
R Code
par1 <- as.numeric(par1) #cut off periods par2 <- as.numeric(par2) #lambda par3 <- as.numeric(par3) #degree of non-seasonal differencing par4 <- as.numeric(par4) #degree of seasonal differencing par5 <- as.numeric(par5) #seasonal period par6 <- as.numeric(par6) #p par7 <- as.numeric(par7) #q par8 <- as.numeric(par8) #P par9 <- as.numeric(par9) #Q if (par10 == 'TRUE') par10 <- TRUE if (par10 == 'FALSE') par10 <- FALSE if (par2 == 0) x <- log(x) if (par2 != 0) x <- x^par2 lx <- length(x) first <- lx - 2*par1 nx <- lx - par1 nx1 <- nx + 1 fx <- lx - nx if (fx < 1) { fx <- par5*2 nx1 <- lx + fx - 1 first <- lx - 2*fx } first <- 1 if (fx < 3) fx <- round(lx/10,0) (arima.out <- arima(x[1:nx], order=c(par6,par3,par7), seasonal=list(order=c(par8,par4,par9), period=par5), include.mean=par10, method='ML')) (forecast <- predict(arima.out,fx)) (lb <- forecast$pred - 1.96 * forecast$se) (ub <- forecast$pred + 1.96 * forecast$se) if (par2 == 0) { x <- exp(x) forecast$pred <- exp(forecast$pred) lb <- exp(lb) ub <- exp(ub) } if (par2 != 0) { x <- x^(1/par2) forecast$pred <- forecast$pred^(1/par2) lb <- lb^(1/par2) ub <- ub^(1/par2) } if (par2 < 0) { olb <- lb lb <- ub ub <- olb } (actandfor <- c(x[1:nx], forecast$pred)) (perc.se <- (ub-forecast$pred)/1.96/forecast$pred) bitmap(file='test1.png') opar <- par(mar=c(4,4,2,2),las=1) ylim <- c( min(x[first:nx],lb), max(x[first:nx],ub)) plot(x,ylim=ylim,type='n',xlim=c(first,lx)) usr <- par('usr') rect(usr[1],usr[3],nx+1,usr[4],border=NA,col='lemonchiffon') rect(nx1,usr[3],usr[2],usr[4],border=NA,col='lavender') abline(h= (-3:3)*2 , col ='gray', lty =3) polygon( c(nx1:lx,lx:nx1), c(lb,rev(ub)), col = 'orange', lty=2,border=NA) lines(nx1:lx, lb , lty=2) lines(nx1:lx, ub , lty=2) lines(x, lwd=2) lines(nx1:lx, forecast$pred , lwd=2 , col ='white') box() par(opar) dev.off() prob.dec <- array(NA, dim=fx) prob.sdec <- array(NA, dim=fx) prob.ldec <- array(NA, dim=fx) prob.pval <- array(NA, dim=fx) perf.pe <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.spe <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.scalederr <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mase <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mase1 <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mape <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.smape <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mape1 <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.smape1 <- array(0,dim=fx) perf.se <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mse <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.mse1 <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.rmse <- array(0, dim=fx) perf.scaleddenom <- 0 for (i in 2:fx) { perf.scaleddenom = perf.scaleddenom + abs(x[nx+i] - x[nx+i-1]) } perf.scaleddenom = perf.scaleddenom / (fx-1) for (i in 1:fx) { locSD <- (ub[i] - forecast$pred[i]) / 1.96 perf.scalederr[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / perf.scaleddenom perf.pe[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / x[nx+i] perf.spe[i] = 2*(x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / (x[nx+i] + forecast$pred[i]) perf.se[i] = (x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i])^2 prob.dec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-1] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) prob.sdec[i] = pnorm((x[nx+i-par5] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) prob.ldec[i] = pnorm((x[nx] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) prob.pval[i] = pnorm(abs(x[nx+i] - forecast$pred[i]) / locSD) } perf.mape[1] = abs(perf.pe[1]) perf.smape[1] = abs(perf.spe[1]) perf.mape1[1] = perf.mape[1] perf.smape1[1] = perf.smape[1] perf.mse[1] = perf.se[1] perf.mase[1] = abs(perf.scalederr[1]) perf.mase1[1] = perf.mase[1] for (i in 2:fx) { perf.mape[i] = perf.mape[i-1] + abs(perf.pe[i]) perf.mape1[i] = perf.mape[i] / i perf.smape[i] = perf.smape[i-1] + abs(perf.spe[i]) perf.smape1[i] = perf.smape[i] / i perf.mse[i] = perf.mse[i-1] + perf.se[i] perf.mse1[i] = perf.mse[i] / i perf.mase[i] = perf.mase[i-1] + abs(perf.scalederr[i]) perf.mase1[i] = perf.mase[i] / i } perf.rmse = sqrt(perf.mse1) bitmap(file='test2.png') plot(forecast$pred, pch=19, type='b',main='ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast', ylab='Forecast and 95% CI', xlab='time',ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) dum <- forecast$pred dum[1:par1] <- x[(nx+1):lx] lines(dum, lty=1) lines(ub,lty=3) lines(lb,lty=3) dev.off() load(file='createtable') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast',9,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Y[t]',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'F[t]',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'95% LB',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'95% UB',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'p-value<br />(H0: Y[t] = F[t])',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-1])',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'P(F[t]>Y[t-s])',1,header=TRUE) mylab <- paste('P(F[t]>Y[',nx,sep='') mylab <- paste(mylab,'])',sep='') a<-table.element(a,mylab,1,header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) for (i in (nx-par5):nx) { a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,i,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,x[i]) a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.element(a,'-') a<-table.row.end(a) } for (i in 1:fx) { a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,round(x[nx+i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(forecast$pred[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(lb[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(ub[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.pval[i]),4)) a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.dec[i]),4)) a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.sdec[i]),4)) a<-table.element(a,round((1-prob.ldec[i]),4)) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable.tab') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Univariate ARIMA Extrapolation Forecast Performance',10,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'time',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'% S.E.',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'PE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'MAPE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'sMAPE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Sq.E',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'MSE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'RMSE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'ScaledE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'MASE',1,header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) for (i in 1:fx) { a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,nx+i,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,round(perc.se[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.pe[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mape1[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.smape1[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.se[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mse1[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.rmse[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.scalederr[i],4)) a<-table.element(a,round(perf.mase1[i],4)) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')
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